SQUARE
e-

SQUARE

 
Healthcare online Keeping you up-to-date
VOL.  24     ISSUE:  7    July 2026 Medical Services Department

SQUARE Pharmaceuticals PLC.

Features

EDITORIAL TEAM

A S M Shawkat Ali

MBBS, M. Phil,

Rezaul Hasan Khan

MBBS, MPH

Rubyeat Adnan

MBBS, MPH

Moshfiqur Rahman

MBBS

Moinul Islam Himel

MBBS

EDITORIAL

Dear Doctor:

Welcome to our healthcare bulletin 'e-SQUARE' !

Our current issue focused on some interesting features like

"Craving Control !", "Gut-Heart Link !", "Coffee & Cardio !", "DKK3 Detects !", "MIS-C Legacy !", "Kindness Benefits !".

In our regular feature, we have some products information of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals PLC. as well.

We always appratiate your feedback !

Click on to reply mode.

Yours sincerely,

 

Editorial Team

Reply Mode      : e-square@squaregroup.com

The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of its editor or SQUARE PHARMACEUTICALS PLC.

Craving Control !

Oral GLP-1 Drugs May Reduce Food Cravings Through the Brain

A new NIH-funded study suggests that oral GLP-1 medicines may do more than simply suppress hunger. Researchers at the University of Virginia found that orforglipron and danuglipron, studied in mice, reduced both hunger and hedonic eating—eating for pleasure rather than energy needs.
The drugs appeared to activate the central amygdala, a brain region involved in reward and cravings, while reducing dopamine release. As a result, the animals showed less interest in highly rewarding foods, even when they were not physically hungry.
These findings suggest that oral GLP-1 medicines may influence the brain's reward system as well as appetite pathways. While the study was conducted in mice, it offers new insights into the potential role of GLP-1 drugs in managing obesity and diabetes—and possibly other conditions associated with cravings and reward-driven behaviors. Further research in humans is needed.

SOURCE: The Daily Science, July 2026

Return to top

 Gut-Heart Link !

Gut Bacteria May Influence Heart Health in Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A recent study in mice suggests that gut bacteria and bile acids may play a role in this connection.
Researchers found that FXR (Farnesoid X Receptor), a bile acid receptor, may contribute to the development of atherosclerotic plaques under sleep-apnea-like conditions. Mice lacking FXR developed less arterial plaque and showed healthier gut microbiota and metabolic profiles.
The findings suggest that gut microbes may modify bile acids, which can interact with FXR and potentially promote inflammation and plaque formation. Targeting bile acid signaling or the gut microbiome could therefore represent a potential future strategy for reducing cardiovascular complications associated with sleep apnea.
However, as the study was conducted in mice, further human research is needed to confirm these findings. The study highlights a promising gut-heart connection and the potential role of the gut microbiome in cardiovascular health among patients with sleep apnea.

SOURCE: The Daily Science, July 2026

Return to top

 
 
Coffee & Cardio !

 Moderate Coffee Consumption and Heart Health

For many people, starting the day with a cup of coffee is part of their daily routine. According to a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (AHA), moderate coffee consumption is generally safe for most healthy adults and may even offer cardiovascular benefits.
Research suggests that consuming up to 400 mg of caffeine per day—equivalent to approximately 3–5 cups of regular coffee—does not increase the risk of heart disease and may be associated with a lower risk of heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and type 2 diabetes. Coffee also contains antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds that may contribute to these potential benefits.
However, not all sources of caffeine are equally safe. Highly concentrated products, such as energy drinks and energy shots, may significantly increase blood pressure and the risk of abnormal heart rhythms, particularly when consumed in large amounts.
Individual responses to caffeine can also vary depending on age, genetics, medications, underlying health conditions, and personal sensitivity. While some people can tolerate several cups of coffee daily, others may experience palpitations, anxiety, or sleep disturbances after consuming smaller amounts.
Overall, moderate consumption of plain coffee may be part of a heart-healthy lifestyle for most adults. Limiting added sugar, flavored syrups, and excessive cream may help maximize its potential health benefits. Individuals with heart disease or caffeine sensitivity should consult a healthcare professional regarding an appropriate level of consumption.

SOURCE: Science Daily News, July, 2026

Return to top

 
 
DKK3 Detects !

DKK3 and Diabetic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often progresses silently, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), making early detection challenging. Dickkopf-3 (DKK3), a biomarker of tubular injury, has emerged as a promising tool for predicting kidney function decline. Elevated urinary DKK3 (uDKK3) levels have been associated with accelerated eGFR decline, acute kidney injury, and progression from AKI to CKD. In patients with T2DM, uDKK3 levels above 200 pg/mg creatinine were independently linked to declining kidney function, even after accounting for eGFR and albuminuria. Higher uDKK3 levels were also associated with increased cardiovascular events and mortality. Combining uDKK3 with conventional markers such as UACR may improve risk assessment and help identify patients who could benefit from early nephroprotective measures and timely specialist referral.

SOURCE: Science Daily News, July 2026

Return to top

 

 
MIS-C Legacy !

Long-Term Outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious post-infectious complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection that can affect multiple organ systems. Although its incidence has declined, emerging evidence suggests that its health effects may persist long after the acute illness.
A large retrospective cohort study found that children with previous MIS-C had a significantly higher risk of long-term multisystem complications, particularly cardiovascular disease. They had nearly a 14-fold higher risk of cardiovascular disease, while heart failure occurred in 9.25% of MIS-C survivors compared with 0.58% of controls. Increased risks of hypertension, neurological and psychological disorders, respiratory problems, and gastrointestinal complications were also observed during follow-up of up to 4.5 years.
These findings highlight that MIS-C may have lasting effects beyond the acute phase and emphasize the importance of prolonged, multidisciplinary follow-up of affected children, particularly for cardiovascular and neurological complications.

SOURCE: Science Daily News, July 2026

Return to top

 
 
Kindness Benefits !

 Ncts of Kindness May Help Reduce Depression and Anxietyr

Performing acts of kindness may offer benefits for people experiencing depression and anxiety, according to a recent study. Researchers found that acts of kindness not only improved psychological well-being but also helped participants feel more connected to others—an effect not observed to the same extent with two other commonly used therapeutic approaches.
The study included 122 adults in central Ohio with moderate to severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Participants were divided into three groups for five weeks. One group was asked to plan social activities twice a week, another practiced cognitive reappraisal by identifying and reframing negative thought patterns, and the third performed three acts of kindness a day on two days each week.
After five weeks, participants in all three groups reported greater life satisfaction and reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, the acts-of-kindness group showed additional benefits, including stronger feelings of social connection and greater improvements in life satisfaction and emotional symptoms compared with the cognitive reappraisal group.
These findings suggest that simple acts of kindness may complement traditional approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) by promoting social connection and improving emotional well-being. Focusing on the needs of others and doing something positive for them may provide an additional strategy for managing symptoms of depression and anxiety.

SOURCE: Science Daily News, July 2026

Return to top

 
 

Products of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals PLC.

  Product Glympa TM
  Generic Name Empagliflozin & Linagliptin
  Strength 10/ 5 mg & 25/5 mg
  Dosage form Tablet
  Therapeutic Category Oral Antidiabetic Preparation
  Product Fliban TM  
Generic Name Flibanserin
Strength 100 mg
Dosage form Tablet
Therapeutic Category Sexual Dysfunction
  Product Sopilax TM
  Generic Name Sodium Picosulfate
Strength 10 mg
  Dosage form Tablet & Oral Solution
  Therapeutic Category Laxative

Return to top

 

Copyright © 2026 SQUARE Pharmaceuticals PLC. All rights reserved